Chemical structure of guanine, showing its double-ring purine structure and the functional groups involved in hydrogen bonding with cytosine. (Image: Public Domain) Guanine has the chemical ...
RNAs play an integral part in all kingdoms of life and mediate critical processes from gene regulation to genomic maintenance and protein synthesis. RNAs also have an amazing diversity in structure ...
Researchers at the University of California, Santa Cruz, have determined the three-dimensional structure of an RNA enzyme, or “ribozyme,” that carries out a fundamental reaction required to make ...
This image depicts the chemical structure of cytosine. It shows a hexagonal ring with nitrogen atoms at positions 1 and 3, and a primary amine group attached to carbon 4. The two remaining positions ...
Inside every cell, a finely tuned metabolic network determines when to build, recycle, or stop producing essential molecules.
Many viruses have genomes made of RNA. In human cells, messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules act as intermediates; cellular machinery copies a DNA sequence into mRNA so that it can then be translated ...
The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine are private, nonprofit institutions that provide expert advice on some of the most pressing challenges facing the nation and world. Our ...