An integrator that you configure with an op amp is a simple circuit consisting of a resistor, a capacitor, and an op amp, so how can anything go wrong? In Figure 1, when Z F is a capacitor, the closed ...

Analog computers are systems that perform computations by manipulating physical quantities such as electrical current, that map math variables, instead of representing information using abstraction ...

All-optical circuits for computing and information processing could overcome the speed limitations intrinsic to electronics. However, in photonics, very few fundamental 'building blocks' equivalent to ...