In 1923, the year C&EN was born, Gilbert N. Lewis of the University of California, Berkeley, published a book titled “Valence and the Structure of Atoms and Molecules.” In the text, Lewis laid out the ...
Chemical bonding “is the heart of chemistry,” according to Alexander I. Boldyrev, a chemistry professor at Utah State University who spends his time thinking about how molecules are put together. “But ...
The distribution of outermost shell electrons, known as valence electrons, of organic molecules was observed for the first time. As the interactions between atoms are governed by the valence electrons ...
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