Sea animals such as leptocephali develop tissues and organs composed of active transparent hydrogels to achieve agile motions and natural camouflage in water. Hydrogel-based actuators that can imitate ...

Electromechanical actuators are mechanical actuators where the control knob or handle has been replaced by an electric motor. The rotary motion of the motor is converted into linear displacement. The ...

When robots are built with biological materials, they have the potential to achieve remarkable behaviors typically only seen ...

In this chapter, I will present a few useful “cookbook” applications for real-time control circuits designed to perform some specific low-level task and interface with a master controller for ...

Many robots have become indispensable, and it is accepted that they may be dangerous to humans in their workspace. In the automotive industry, for example, they assemble cars with speed and ...

A crawling robot whose actuators passively synchronize moving forward and is able to sense the end of the terrain, preventing falling off and damage. The robot actuators, sensor, and safety switch are ...